Fort Sumter, located in Charleston Harbor, South Carolina, is historically significant as it was here that the first battle of the American Civil War took place. On April 12, 1861, South Carolina Militia artillery opened fire on Union soldiers garrisoned at Fort Sumter.
The attack came after a long period of tension between the United States and several Southern states over issues such as states' rights and slavery. This event marked a turning point for both sides – an escalation in hostilities which would lead to four years of brutal conflict.
General Pierre G.T. Beauregard led the Confederate forces during this historic encounter. He ordered his men to open fire on Fort Sumter after its commander, Major Robert Anderson, refused to surrender or evacuate his position despite being surrounded by hostile forces.
"It became clear that we could not allow ourselves to be held hostage by those who sought our destruction," said General Beauregard when reflecting on his decision to initiate military action against Union troops.
As Confederate cannons bombarded the fort from their positions along Charleston's shores throughout April 12th-13th_, civilians gathered in large numbers _to witness history unfolding before their eyes. Many were reportedly cheering each time a shell struck its target at Fort Sumter.
Despite facing overwhelming odds and dwindling supplies, Major Anderson held out until he received orders from President Abraham Lincoln instructing him to abandon his post if necessary rather than risk further loss of life among his troops._
"We fought with honor and tenacity but had no choice but to accept defeat," recalled Anderson shortly thereafter._
Following two days under siege without resupply or reinforcement from Washington D.C., Anderson surrendered Fort Sumter on April 14th_. His battered force was permitted safe passage back northward while Confederates claimed victory._